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Innate Immunity
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Profile of the bovine acute-phase response following an intravenous bolus-dose lipopolysaccharide challenge

Jeffery A. Carroll

USDA-ARS Livestock Issues Research Unit, Lubbock, Texas, USA, jeff.carroll{at}ars.usda.gov

Richard R. Reuter

Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA

Chadwick C. Chase, Jr

USDA-ARS, SubTropical Agricultural Research Station, Brooksville, Florida, USA

Samuel W. Coleman

USDA-ARS, SubTropical Agricultural Research Station, Brooksville, Florida, USA

David G. Riley

USDA-ARS, SubTropical Agricultural Research Station, Brooksville, Florida, USA

Donald E. Spiers

Animal Science Division, University of Missouri-Columbia, Missouri, USA

John D. Arthington

University of Florida-IFAS, Range Cattle Research & Education Center, Ona, Florida, USA

Michael L. Galyean

Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA

Our objective was to characterize further the acute-phase response following endotoxin (i.e. lipopolysaccharide; LPS) exposure in the bovine. Nine pure-bred Angus castrated males (i.e. steers; average body weight = 299 ± 5 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design in environmentally controlled chambers, set at thermoneutral level, to characterize the acute physiological, endocrine, immune, and acute-phase protein responses following an i.v. bolus administration of 2.5 µg of LPS/kg body weight. One day before administration of LPS, all steers were fitted with an indwelling jugular vein catheter for serial blood collection. Blood samples were collected at 30-min intervals from -2 h to 8 h relative to the LPS challenge (time 0), and serum was harvested and stored at -80 °C until analyzed for concentrations of cortisol, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and acute-phase proteins. Indicators of thermal status (i.e. rectal temperature, ruminal temperature, respiration rate, sweat rate, and skin temperatures) were measured at 30-min intervals from -1 h to 6 h relative to the challenge. Endotoxin exposure increased (P<0.05) serum concentrations of cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}), interleukin 1-β (IL-1β), IL-6, interferon-{gamma} (IFN-{gamma}), and serum amyloid A. Respiration rate, rectal temperature, and rump skin temperature also were increased (P<0.05) following LPS administration. Endotoxin exposure dramatically decreased ear skin temperature (P = 0.002), but tended to increase (P<0.10) ruminal temperature, shoulder skin temperature, and shoulder sweat rate. Serum concentrations of acid soluble protein, {alpha}-acid glycoprotein, IL-4 and IL-2, and rump sweat rate were not altered (P>0.24) by the challenge. To our knowledge, this report is the most complete characterization of the bovine acute-phase response to a bolus-dose endotoxin challenge conducted under thermoneutral conditions and should provide foundation data for future research.

Key Words: Acute-phase response • acute-phase proteins • bovine • cytokines • lipopolysaccharide

Innate Immunity, Vol. 15, No. 2, 81-89 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1753425908099170
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J. A. Carroll, J. D. Arthington, and C. C. Chase Jr.
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J Anim Sci, December 1, 2009; 87(12): 4167 - 4172.
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