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Journal of Endotoxin Research
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Non-LPS targets and actions of LPS binding protein (LBP)

Nicolas W.J. Schröder

Pediatrics Infectious Diseases, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Davis Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

Ralf R. Schumann

Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité University Medical Center, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ralf.schumann{at}charite.de

LPS binding protein (LBP) was discovered about 20 years ago because of its ability to bind to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We have shown that in addition to its complex function of transferring LPS to its cellular receptor into the cell or into lipoproteins, LBP also binds to other bacterial compounds and can modulate their ability to stimulate the host's innate immune system. The majority of compounds found to also interact with LBP are amphiphilic molecules such as glycolipids or lipoproteins. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of different Gram-positive bacteria is recognized by LBP and both its complexation with CD14 and biological activity towards immune cells is modulated by LBP. LTA-like glycolipids isolated from spirochetes are recognized by LBP and initiate signaling in the presence of LBP. Lipopeptides corresponding to lipoproteins present in spirochetes, Mycobacterium spp. and Gram-negative bacteria as well as Mycoplasma spp. are also recognized by LBP. Together with the growing number of related proteins of the BPI-PLUNC family, LBP apparently as soluble mediator has the important ability to recognize a variety of bacterial pathogens before cellular contact has been established. The different sources of LBP in tissues such as lung and intestine further support its role as an important defense molecule.

Key Words: LPS binding protein • LBP • lipopolysaccharide • BPI-PLUNC family

Journal of Endotoxin Research, Vol. 11, No. 4, 237-242 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/09680519050110040901
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