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Journal of Endotoxin Research
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Toll-dependent and Toll-independent immune responses in Drosophila

Jean-Luc Imler

UPR9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France, JL.Imler{at}ibmc.u-strasbg.fr

Dominique Ferrandon

UPR9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France

Julien Royet

UPR9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France

Jean-Marc Reichhart

UPR9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France

Charles Hetru

UPR9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France

Jules A. Hoffmann

UPR9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France

The multifaceted response of the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster to infection by a wide range of microbes is complex and remarkably efficient. Its most prominent aspect is the immune-inducible expression of a set of potent antimicrobial peptides. Genetic analysis of the regulation of the genes encoding these peptides has led to the identification of the receptor Toll as an essential component of the fly's host defense system. In addition, these studies have revealed that the response to Gram-negative bacterial infections involves Toll-independent mechanisms, and that the sensing of infection involves two structurally distinct sets of molecules — the PGRPs and the GNBPs/ßGRPs.

Key Words: Toll • peptidoglycan recognition protein • Gram-negative binding protein • ß-glucan recognition protein • pattern recognition receptor

Journal of Endotoxin Research, Vol. 10, No. 4, 241-246 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/09680519040100040701
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